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ERK and p MAPK signaling pathways
2019-10-09

ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways play critical role in genesis and metastasis of melanoma (Tang et al., 2018). >50% of melanoma DuP 753 (Abildgaard and Guldberg, 2015) show abnormal activity of BRAF-RAS-RAF to activate MEK signal that drives the growth-promoting extracellular signal-regulated ki
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br Results br Discussion The
2019-10-09

Results Discussion The advent of TKI treatment has greatly improved CML therapy. Because CML LSCs are less sensitive to TKIs, CML is usually controlled rather than cured, highlighting an unmet clinical need. Developed from our previous finding that CML LSCs are more dependent on Tcf1 and Lef1
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Renal injury by cisplatin has been
2019-10-09

Renal injury by cisplatin has been associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis (Francescato et al., 2007, Iseri et al., 2007, Kiymaz et al., 2008, Ueki et al., 2012). Specifically, apoptosis is an important mode of cell death in cisplatin nephrotoxicity, and many studies including
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br Materials and methods F
2019-10-09

Materials and methods F. philippinensis plants were collected in August 2014 at a farm in Ninning, Guangxi province, China and identified by Dr. Yimmin Zhao. Voucher specimens (No. 530) were deposited in the Herbarium of Gaunxi Botanical Garden, China. Human recombinant neutrophil elastase (EC 3.
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In conclusion we have recombinantly
2019-10-09

In conclusion, we have recombinantly expressed and purified the product of the YP_002262821.1 gene from A. salmonicida and confirmed that it possesses ATP-dependent DNA ligase activity. Comparison of the full-length and truncated versions of the protein indicate that the N-terminal 25 KJ Pyr 9 kinas
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2019-10-09

Materials and methods Results Discussion DDR2 played a role in cell motile behavior, but the relationship between motility and collagen activation of DDR2 tyrosine kinase was unclear. Studies with smooth muscle cells from DDR1−/− mice demonstrated a defect in cell attachment to collagen and
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In human neuroblastoma SH SY Y cells and in lymphoma
2019-10-08

In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y IPA-3 and and in lymphoma Jurkat cells, Yamanaka et al. [56] showed that exogenously added 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol could be efficiently esterified by ACAT1. These results suggest that both ACAT1 and ACAT2 can control the oxysterol levels by directly esterifying them,
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Previous studies in the Swiss Webster mouse Rosengren et
2019-10-08

Previous studies in the Swiss Webster mouse (Rosengren et al., 1995) and the Sprague–Dawley rat (El Sisi et al., 1993) have shown that retinol pretreatment potentiates the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol. The current study is designed to investigate further this interaction in mice. To accomplish this
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In the present study BACH downregulation did not
2019-10-08

In the present study, BACH1 downregulation did not correlate with nuclear accumulation of NRF2, suggesting that these changes were triggered via an independent mechanism. BACH1 is a transcriptional repressor that is regulated by heme. Heme binding to the BACH1 C-terminal domain inhibits BACH1 DNA bi
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p38 mapk inhibitor Introduction Ubiquitylation is a post tra
2019-10-08

Introduction Ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification which impacts almost every biological process in the cell. Dysregulation of the ubiquitylation pathway is associated with several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immunological dysfunctions. Single ubiquiti
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br Multi subunit RINGs There are
2019-10-08

Multi-subunit RINGs There are RING-type E3s that exist as multi-subunit assemblies (see Fig. 3B). A striking example is the Cullin RING Ligase (CRL) superfamily [35], which exhibits enormous plasticity in substrate specificity. Each CRL subfamily is characterized by a cullin protein (Cul-1, 2, 3,
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Inflammatory action of certain cytokines can influence cell
2019-10-08

Inflammatory action of certain cytokines can influence cell proliferative routes (Deshmane et al., 2009). When mTOR is inhibited, for instance by the action of Rapa, TGF-β1, which has an anti-inflammatory action, is increased. The relationship between high levels of TGF-β1 and melatonin receptor ago
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SIRT is a representative member of Sirtuins which
2019-10-08

SIRT1 is a representative member of Sirtuins, which is a family of highly conserved NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases. SIRT1 deacetylates plentiful nonhistone protein substrates [Atgs, Foxo1, Foxo3, PGC-1α, NF-kB, E2F1 and p53] (Conrad et al., 2016; Gu et al., 2016; Tu et al., 2018) to p
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br Ubiquitination and deubiquitination pathways Ubiquitinati
2019-10-08

Ubiquitination and deubiquitination pathways Ubiquitination is a part of the post-translational modification (PTM) process. Ubiquitination affects proteins in various ways, but its main functions are to signal protein degradation via the 26S proteasome, modify cellular location of proteins, affec
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br Concluding remarks br Introduction Hypertrophic pachymeni
2019-10-08

Concluding remarks Introduction Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a neurologic disorder characterized by diffuse or focal thickening of the intracranial or spinal dura mater, presenting with intracranial hypertension, cranial nerve palsy and spinal cord dysfunction (Kupersmith et al., 2004;
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